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- To Have and Have Not
-
-
- (October 18, 1937)
-
- In the eyes of the polite world, Ernest Hemingway has much to
- answer for. Armed with the hardest-hitting prose of the century,
- he has used his skill and power to smash rose-colored spectacles
- right & left, to knock many a genteel pretense into a sprawling
- grotesque. Detractors have called him a bullying bravo, have
- pointed out that smashing spectacles and pushing over a pushover
- are not brave things to do. As the "lost generation" he named
- have grown greyer and more garrulous, so his own invariably
- disillusioned but Spartan books have begun to seem a little
- dated; until it began to be bruited that Hemingway was just
- another case of veteran with arrested development and total
- recall.
-
- Hemingway himself did little to encourage any other attitude.
- With The Sun Also Rises (1926), Men Without Women (1927) and
- Farewell To Arms (1929), he had found himself, in the unique
- position of being not only a best-seller but also a writer whom
- first-line critics intensely admired and respected. Younger
- writers all imitated him , Wielder of a style of unmatched
- clarity and precision, matter of the art of conveying emotions,
- particularly violent ones, with an effect almost of first hand
- experience, he seemed to have established himself as the most
- powerful direct influence on contemporary literature. After
- these three books, however, came the slump.
-
- Death forms the background of Hemingway's tenth and latest
- book, his only novel with a U.S. background. But readers of
- previous love & death stories by Hemingway will find in To Have
- and Have Not a maturity which reflects the more serious turn his
- personal life has taken in the last year.
-
- The scene of the book is Key West and Cuba. The story is a
- sort of saga, disconnected and episodic, of one Harry Morgan,
- burly, surly, hard-natured "conch" (as Key West natives call
- themselves), whose life has been spent in the single-minded
- effort to keep himself and his family at least on the upper
- fringes of the "have-nots."
-
- The major part of the book is given over to Morgan's career.
- This, with its hard, brisk sea-scenes, its sudden shocks of
- death, is uniformly convincing. Interspersed in the chronicle,
- however, are snapshot glimpses of life on its various planes
- on the Keys; War veterans sent to build the Keys highway,
- punch-drunk and turbulent, brawling in one of the bars; writers
- from the artists' colony amorously intriguing; rich yachtsmen,
- cab-drivers. These candidoes, written too deliberately from the
- "slice-of-life" point of view, too fortuitously presented in the
- plot, are not always so fortunate. But most readers will agree
- that Author Hemingway can rest well content with the knowledge
- that in Harry Morgan, hard, ruthless, implacable in his lonely
- struggle, he has created by far his most thoroughly consistent,
- deeply understandable character.
-
-